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HISTORY OF ERZURUM

Erzurum, which is one of the oldest states in Anatolia, located in the Hittites border area, has been on the scene of many wars because of its historical migration and invasion routes. Assyrians, Cimmerians, Scythians (Sakalar) dominated the region. In the 4th century, Macedonian King Alexander defeated Iran and seized this region. He took Erzurum and other cities back. After the victory of Malazgirt in 1071, Abul-Kasım, one of the commanders of the Seljuk Sultan Sultan Alparslan, defeated the Byzantines and conquered Erzurum. Erzurum, which has been a settlement since the early days of its history, is now one of the largest cities in Eastern Anatolia. Throughout the history of this region, this city was captured and governed by a wide variety of tribes and nations such as Urartians, Cimmerians, Scythians, Medlar, Persians, Parthians, Romans, Byzantines, Sassanids, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ilkhanids and Safavids. The Ottomans, who conquered the city and it’s surroundings in 1514, ruled until 1923, until the Republic of Turkey was founded. The movement of resistance against the super powers of the West at the beginning of the 20th century started in Erzurum under the leadership of Atatürk. The congress, which laid the foundation of Atatürk national unity and independence movement, was gathered here on July 23rd.

WHERE TO VISIT?

Palandöken ski center, Erzurum Archeology Museum, Erzurum Atatürk House Museum, Turkish Islamic Works and Ethnography Museum, Double Minaret Madrasah, Three Kumbets (Emir Saltuk, Dark, Silver Dome, Cimcime Hatun and Rabia Hatun Domes), Clock Tower, Yakutiye Madrasa. Tortum Şelâlesi, Tortum Lake, Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque, Abdurrahman Gazi Tomb, Habipbaba Tomb, Rüstem Paşa Bedesten, Erzurum Congress House, Erzurum Castle, Erzurum Tabular, Haho Mary Main Church, Old Vank Church, Narman Fairy Chimneys, İspir Cave of Elmalı Çamlı Cave.